About the technology

The measurement principles of SenrigaN

Measurement methods (flux leakage method and magnetic stream method)

SenrigaN can use two measurement methods, the magnetic stream method and the flux leakage method, depending on the thickness and covering of the tendons.
The flux leakage method is more suited to thin tendons that can be sufficiently magnetized, while the magnetic stream method is more suited to thicker tendons that display attenuation even with strong magnetism.

  • Thick tendons

    Magnetic stream method

    The magnetic stream method captures rapid attenuation of the magnetic field due to ruptures by placing a special magnet and passing a magnetic field through the internal tendons from outside the concrete, and this method is suited to testing thicker tendons, like post-tensioned beams.

    Principle of the magnetic stream method

    A magnet is placed on the surface of the concrete and a magnetic field is passed through the internal tendons from one direction while capturing changes in the magnetic force that occur when there are ruptures. If the tendons have no ruptures, the magnetic force flowing through them gradually weakens in proportion to the distance. If the tendons have a rupture, the flow of magnetic force is interrupted and attenuates rapidly.

    Waveform changes due to ruptures (three axes)
  • Thin tendons

    Flux leakage method

    The flux leakage method captures changes in the magnetic field due to ruptures by placing a special magnet over the internal tendons from outside the concrete to magnetize them, and this method is suited to testing thinner tendons, like pre-tensioned beams.

    Principle of the flux leakage method

    A magnet is moved over the measured surface while in contact with it to magnetize the tendons inside. Flux leakages from the magnetized tendons are measured and changes in the magnetic field occurring at ruptured sections are captured.
    If the tendons have no ruptures, they will be like a single magnet and the measured magnetic field will change continuously. If the tendons have a rupture, the rupture location will create new north and south poles, and the measured magnetic field will show a characteristic waveform.

    Waveform changes due to ruptures (three axes)
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Achievements in detecting ruptures

沖縄県 道路橋梁(塩害劣化橋)

Okinawa, road bridge (bridge deteriorating due to salt damage)

In a collaboration with the Technical Subcommittee, Okinawa Section, Seibu Chapter, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, we verified rupture detection in internal tendons in the Okinawa region in demonstrative experiments on the topic “Deterioration forecasting and diagnosis of remaining performance in infrastructure.”

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北陸地区 道路橋梁

Hokuriku region, road bridge

In a collaboration with the Salt Damage Survey Committee, Hokuriku Regional Development Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), we conducted demonstrative experiments with answer checking by shaving.

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Instrument specifications

General specifications

Item Specifications
Usage environment Temperature 0°C to 40°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)
Storage environment Temperature -10°C to 60°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)

Magnet unit

Item Specifications
External dimensions 235 mm (W) × 113 mm (D) × 87 mm (H) (including grip)
Weight Up to 4.3 kg (including grip)
Usage environment Temperature 0°C to 40°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)
Storage environment Temperature −10°C to 60°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)

[Cautions]

  • The magnetic force of the magnet will permanently decrease in environments exceeding 80°C.
  • The specifications may change without prior notice.

Measuring device

Item Specifications
Model no. SenrigaN 5316E
Battery operation time Approx. 4 hours
Magnetic measurement function Magnetic measuring method Triaxial magnetic sensor (5 horizontal rows × 54 vertical sensors × 2 layers (upper and lower))
Measurement range 160 mm (width) × 530 mm (length)
Measurement resolution 40 mm pitch (width) :times: 10 mm pitch (length)
Measuring time Approx. 5 seconds (1 measurement/10 measurement average mode)
Usage environment Temperature 0°C to 40°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)
Storage environment Temperature −10°C to 60°C
Humidity 20% to 80% relative humidity (no condensation)
Protection grade Equivalent to IP65
External dimensions 705 mm (W) × 200 mm (D) × 92 mm (H)
Weight Up to 3.4kg (including grip and battery)
Safety Equivalent to IEC 62368-1
Radio interference restrictions Conforms to VCCI Class A

[Cautions]

  • The measuring time may be longer depending on the communications environment.
  • The specifications may change without prior notice.

SenrigaN cloud

Item Specifications
Recommended browser Google Chrome

Frequently asked questions

  • People fitted with pacemakers or other electronic medical devices should not use magnets. Also, do not bring the magnets near people fitted with such devices.
  • Extremely strong attractive forces operate between magnets and iron and other magnetic substances, so take care that hands, feet, and other body parts are not caught between them.
  • If magnets are brought near magnetic cards or other magnetic recording media, the data may be damaged and rendered unusable. In addition, be aware that bringing them near computers, electronic watches, and other precision electronic devices may cause these to break down.

Please contact us as follows.

It can measure any type of structure as long as it uses steel materials. We have achieved results with prestressed concrete (pre-tensioned and post-tensioned), stirrups (rebar), dowel bars in concrete deck slabs, and concrete poles, among other items.
Please consult us with regard to other structures.

If the tendons are inserted at an angle or the rebar is arranged in a complicated structure, you should mark the positions of the tendons before measuring. In general, this is often necessary for post-tensioning and often unnecessary for pre-tensioning.

Because SenrigaN draws waveforms with multiple sensors, it is possible to distinguish waveform changes due to the stirrups and waveform changes due to ruptures.
In the diagram below, all sensors reacted to the stirrup, but only some sensors reacted to the rupture location.
However, measurement may be difficult depending on the positional relationship of the tendons and the stirrups.
The diagram below is a waveform in the depth direction (Z-axis) when measuring a pre-tensioned beam using the flux leakage method.

When measuring with SenrigaN, the signal strength depends on the rupture cross-section in the magnetic body being measured. As the cross-section ratio of the sheath piping and the tendons is usually great enough, it is possible to capture ruptures in the internal tendons even with a sheath, as in the diagram below.
The diagram below shows the measurement results with the magnetic stream method with tendons (∅ 28.6 mm, 19-strand wire), sheath piping (internal diameter 40 mm, 0.27 mm thick), tendon covering 10 cm, rupture separation 3 cm, cross-section ratio ∅ 28.6 tendon (468 mm2):sheath piping (41.3 mm2) ≒ 10:1.

Under the best conditions, about 20 centimeters. If there are stirrups and other iron (magnetic bodies), it is about 10 to 15 centimeters. The tendons closest to the surface are measured.
If you have specific conditions in mind, provide the structural information so that we can build a model in our laboratory and determine whether measurement is possible. Feel free to consult us.

If the working environment is good, it is possible to measure about 100 locations in one day. You can measure an area of 16 cm × 53 cm in each location.
If the working environment at the site is poor, such as an elevated work platform or narrow scaffolding, the number may be less.

It is possible to measure with two or three people: one or two for the measuring instrument and magnets, and one for data registration.

[Only for Japan]Our partner companies can conduct testing. Please refer to testing companies that handle SenrigaN on our website.
If you are measuring for research or the like, we handle these cases individually, so please consult us. [for area outside Japan] we do not provide any tesing service.

If this is your first time using our products, we offer training lasting half a day to several days. We provide lectures on how to use the measuring instruments, handling magnets, and how to register and read data, among other topics.

Licenses granted for the software components

The software components included in this product may be covered by LGPL or MPL licenses. On behalf of Konica Minolta, we express our gratitude to the developers of these software programs and the people forming the community that develops data and performs various activities.

Some LGPL and MPL licenses require us to make available to customers who request it the source code for parts under an obligation to disclose.

The source code is provided as-is and pursuant to the LGPL and MPL.
The original text of the LGPL and MPL licenses granted for software components included in this product are attached below.

Chardet4.0.0

Copyright (C) 2020 Dmitry Shirokov
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